Excavator



E. D. CALLEN.

EXCAVATOR- APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 4. 1918. 1 42,895. Patented June 8,1920.

2 SHEETS$HEET e4 J2 J5 48 avwwttoz V Z} (ZZZ/Z ermine/ o UNITED STATESEDWARD D. CALLEN, OF GREENVILLE, MISSISSIPPI.

EXCAVA'IOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 8, 1920.

Application filed September 4., 1918. Serial No. 252,569.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, EDWARD D. GALLEN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Greenville, in the county of Washington and State ofMississippi, have invented a new and useful Excavator, of which thefollow-- ing is a specification.

This invention relates to excavators and is designed more especially asan im rovement upon the structure dlsclosed 1n atent 1,248,262 issued tome on November 27th, 1917.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide simple and eflicientmeans whereby, through the manipulation of cables extending to one endof an area bemggraded, a conveyer can be moved in one directlon toacquire a load by digging it from the ground, can be adjusted to liftthe load from the ground, to carry it to a point of discharge, theredeliver the load, and return to the place of starting.

A still further object is to provide simple and efiicient means forlocking the shovel or scraper in lowered or digging position.

With the foregoing and other obgects 1n view which will appear as thedescription proceeds, the invention consists of certaln novel details ofconstruction and combinations of parts which will be hereinafter morefully described and pointed out in the claims, it being understood thatvarious changes may be made in the construction and arrangement of theparts without. departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings the preferred form of the invention hasbeen shown.

In said drawings Figure l is a side elevation of the excavator.

Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof.

Fig. 3 is a central vertical longitudinal section.

Fig. 4 is a section on line 44, Fig.

Fig. 5 is a section on line 5-5, Fi 2.

Fig. 6 is a section on line 6-6, Fig. 2.

Fig. 7 is a view of the apparatus in diagram.

Referring to the figures by characters of reference, 1 designates theframe of the excavator which is wider at one end than at the other andextending downwardly from the sides of the broad end of the frame areguide plates 2 provided with straight slots 3 inclined upwardly towardthe broad end of the frame. vAn axle 4 extends through the slots 3 andis provided, at each end, with a supporting wheel 5, said axle beingangular in cross section so 'as to be held against rotation by the wallsof the slots although slidable within the slots. A guide ear 6 extendsdownwardly from the center of the front or broad end of the frame 1 andslidably mounted therein is a stem 7 one end of which is forked as at 8and secured to the axle 4, thus to maintain the axle in proper relationto the frame during the movement of the axle longitudinally of theslots.

Pivotally connected to the ears 9v which extend downwardly from the rearlower corners of the plates 2 are the rear ends of the sides of a shovelor scoop 10 which is open at front and back and is limited in itsdownward movement relative to the frame 1 by chains 11 or the like.Sheaves 12 are mounted on the sides of the scoop close to the front endsthereof and additional sheaves 13 are mounted loosely on the axle 4close to the wheels 5. A loading cable L has two branches which extendto the respective sides of the frame 1, each branch extending under asheave, up over a sheave 14 mounted on the side of the frame 1, downunder the sheave 13 and thence up the side of the frame 1 where it issecured. Thus it will be seen that when the cable L is pulled its twobranches will tend to swing the scoop 10 upwardly relative to the frame.It will also tend to pull through the sheaves 13 upon the axle 4,thereby causing the axle to move forwardly within the slots 3.

A cross bar 15 is secured upon the sides of frame 1 and above the frontportion of the scoop 10 and mounted on this bar is a bracket 16 carryingsheaves 17, arranged in pairs as shown, one sheave of each pair beingabove the other sheave of said pair. The bar 15 also constitutes a stopor abut ment for links 18 which are pivotally connected to the sides ofthe shovel or scoop and are connected, at their upper ends, by across-rod 19. This rod is engaged by the forward ends of arms 20extending from the ends of a cross head 21 the ends of which areslidably mounted in guides 22 projecting inwardly from the sides of theframe 1. Upper and lower cross bars 23 connect the sides of frame 1 infront of the cross head 21 and the arms 20 work between them.

Anti-friction rollers 24 are mounted on the rod 19 at the upper ends ofthe links 18 and are adapted, when the links are in their forwardpositions, to engage the bottom face of the bar 15.

A uide plate 25 connects the bars 23 and slida ly mounted within it is astem 26 one end of which is secured to the cross head 21 while the otheror forward end has head 27 engaging one end of a spring 28 which ismounted on the stem and presses backwardly against the plate 25.

The rear end of the frame 1 is supported by a caster 29 and extendinginwardly from the sides of the frame close to said end are guides 30. Ablock 31 is slidably mounted in the guides and is connected to the crosshead 21 by parallel upper and lower strips 32 forming slotstherebetween. Slidably mounted in these slots are trunnions 33 extendingfrom the forked upper end of an arm 34 which projects upwardly from theend of a beam 35. This beam extends forwardly under the bars 23 and isprovided, at its front end, with an ejecting plate which stands on edgeupon the bottom of the scoop 10, as shown at 36, and extends from oneside to the other of the scoop.

A dog 37' is pivotally mounted in the forked end of the arm 34 and has ahead 38 for engaging the block 31. A finger 39 extends radially from thepivot end of the dog and is pivotally connected to a link 40 having aslot 41 through which extends a pin 42. This link and pin cooperate tolimit the swinging of the dog 37.

Pivotally mounted on the upper strips 32 at the sides of the dog 37 arelatches 43 having heads 44 adapted, under certain conditions, to engagea cross pin 45 connecting the sides of the frame 1. These latches arepivotedbetween their ends and those ends thereof remote from the heads44 are extended upwardly and pivotally connected to the forked rear endof a lever 46 fulcrumed in a bracket 47 mounted on the upper strips 32.

The caster 29 has a stem 48 journaled in upper and lower plates 49secured to the rear end of frame 1 and secured to the stem is a wormwheel 50 in mesh with a worm 51 on a transverse shaft 52. A worm wheel53 is secured to one end of the shaft 52 and is engaged by a worm 54 atone end of a steering shaft 55. This shaft has a hand wheel 56 wherebyit can be operated readily for the purpose of rotating the stem 48 andguiding the device.

In addition to the loading cable L two other cables are employed, namelya rehaul cable R and an unlocking cable U. The rehaul cable R extendsfrom a winding drum or windlass W located at one end of the area beinggraded and thence between the sheaves 17 of one pair. From these sheavesthe cable passes between sheaves 57 supported in a bracket 58 on therear end of the frame 1 and thence to another sheave 59 suitablyanchored at the other end of the area being graded. From sheave 59 thecable R extends back to the conveyer structure, passing over guidesheaves 6O journaled in hangers depending from the rear end of theconveyer, the cable being provided with two branches each engaging oneof the sheaves 60, and said branches being indicated at 60. From itssheave 60, each branch 60 of the rehaul cable ex tends partly around oneof a pair of sheaves 61 mounted in the rear end of the forked portion 8of stem 7, and from this sheave the branch extendsback to one of a pairof sheaves 62 connected to the arm 34 of beam 35. The branch thenextends forward and is fastened, as at 63 to one of the plates 2.

The cable U extends from a windlass W and is wound thereon oppositely tothe cable R. It passes between the second pair of sheaves 17, over asheave 64 on the rear portion of the conveyer structure, and thencedownwardly into engagement with a sheave 65 on the arm 34, from which itextends upwardly and is secured to the rear portion of the frame 1. .Aguide sheave 66 may be located on the frame 1 between the sheaves 64 and65.

The loading cable L is connected to a windlass W and the windlasses Wand W are adapted to be driven in any suitable manner by an engine E,any suitable arrangement of clutches being employed for controlling theactuation of the windlasses.

The engine and windlasses are to be set up at one end of the area to begraded and the sheave 59 at the other end of said area with the carrieror conveyer arranged between them for travel over the ground. Themovement of the device can be controlled by the steering wheel 56.

When the conveyer is at one end of the area at the beginning of theloading operation, the plate 36 is located at the back end of the scoop10, the dog 37 is engaged with the block 31, "the latches 44 aredisengaged from the pin 45 and the spring 28 holds the stem 26 pressedforward so that the cross head 21 is in its forward position and thearms 20 hold the links 18 in substantially vertical positions beneaththe bar 15. Thus when the loading cable L is pulled by operating thewindlass W it will not elevate the scoop 10 relative to the frame 1because of the links 18 positioned beneath the bar 15, but it will pullthe sheaves 13 and 14 toward each other with the result that the axle 4will become positioned within the uppermost portions of the slots 3 andthe front or digging edge of the scoop 10 thus be forced into the soil.During the conblock 31.

tinned forward movement of the scoop under the action of the cable L thedirt will pile on the scoop and when the scoop is full the cable Ushould be pulled. This will cause the cross head 21 to move back andshift the dog 37 out of engagement with the The latches 44 will at thesame time ride on and be elevated by the pin 45 so as to lift lever 46and the plate 36 will thus be left free to move forward to eject thecontents of the shovel or scoop. By maintaining the cable U taut the dog37 is held up while passing over the block 31. The latches 44 will, byengaging the pin 45, hold the spring 28 under compression. Cable R- isof course paid out during the foregoing loading operation and the cableU can at the same time be taken up gradually. This rearward movement ofthe block 31 not only places spring 28 under compression but also shiftsthe links 18 from under the bar 15, the latches 44 holding them when soshifted. Further pulling on cable L lifts the sheaves 12, raises thescoop from the ground and allows the carrier to travel freely to thepoint of delivery. By pulling cable R the plate 36 will eject thematerial from the scoop and the cable L can then be released and thecarrier started on its return movement. When it reaches the point Wherethe scraping or digging is to begin, the carrier is stopped and thelever 46 is shifted to disengage the latches from the pin 45 whereuponthe spring 28 will be released and the scoop locked in lowered positionrelative to the bar 15 and frame 1.

Should the spring 28 fail to bring the rollers under the bar 15 the arm34 would strike cross head 21 and properly set them.

What is claimed is 1. In an excavator the combination with a wheelsupported structure and a scoop movably connected to said structure, ofan ejecting plate movably mounted in the scoop, a holding means forfastening the scoop in lowered position relative to the structure, meansoperated by the movement of the ejecting plate under pressure of dirtcollected by the scoop, for releasing the scoop from its holding means,means for fastening the holding means in released position, means forpulling the structure rearwardly, said means being operatively connectedto the Wheel supported structure and to the ejecting plate, means forautomatically locking the ejecting plate against movement to eject theload from the scoop, and means for shifting the ejecting plate to unlockit, said structure pulling means operating to shift the releasedejecting plate and eject the load.

2. In an excavator the combination with a Wheel supported structure anda scoop, of an ejecting plate movable in the scoop, a beam extendingfrom the plate, means for automatically locking the beam and plateagainst movement to eject the load from the scoop, a loading cableconnected to the structure, rehaul cable connected to said structure andto the beam for shifting the ejecting plate within the scoop todischarge the load when the beam is unlocked, and means for shifting thebeam to unlock it.

3. In an excavator the combination with a wheel supported structure, aspring restrained member slidable thereon, and a scoop, of an ejectingplate, a beam extending therefrom, means for automatically locking thebeam to the slidable member when the plate is moved in one directionwithin the scoop, means for shifting the beam and slidable member tounlock the beam, a cable for hauling the structure in one direction, andmeans upon the beam and structure and engaged by said cable for shiftingthe ejecting plate to unloading position when unlocked.

4. In an excavator the combination with a wheel supported frame and astructure slidable in the frame, of a scoop, an ejecting plate movablymountedin the scoop, a beam extending from the plate and adapted topress against said structure to shift item; of normal position, a latchfor holding the said structure in such shifted position, yielding meansfor returning the structure to normal position when unlatched, meansupon the beam for engaging the slidable structure to hold the ejectingplate against movement, a pull cable connected to the excavator fordrawing it in one direction to load the scoop, a rehaul cable forpulling the excavator in the opposite direction, means upon the frameand beam for engaging the rehaul cable to shift the beam and ejectingplate when the beam is released from the slidable structure, and meansfor releasing the beam.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto aliixedmy signature in the presence of two witnesses.

EDWARD D. CALLEN.

Witnesses:

JOHN G. HANWAY, EDWARD A. LAFOE.

